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Table 8 Mean (± S.E.) student ratings of confidence in using the scientific method pre- and post-course by grant phase (total possible scores range from 0 to 50)

From: Correcting misconceptions about evolution: an innovative, inquiry-based introductory biological anthropology laboratory course improves understanding of evolution compared to instructor-centered courses

Project

Phase

Pre-Course Average Confidence Rating

Post-Course Average Confidence Rating

Change in Average Confidence Rating

Pre-Grant Terms

(N = 46)

40.80

(S.E. = 0.75)

42.91

(S.E. = 0.70)

+ 2.11***

[t (45) = 3.797)

Grant Implementation Terms

(N = 104)

41.08

(S.E. = 0.48)

44.73 (S.E. = 0.41)

+ 3.65***

[t (103) = 7.984]

Difference: Pre-Grant vs Grant Implementation Periods

+ 0.

F (1,148) = 0.096]

+ 1.82*

[F (1,148) = 5.600]

+ 1.54*^

[F (1,148) = 3.910]

  1. *p < .05; **p < .01; ***p < .001
  2. ^Repeated Measures: Within subjects = pre- vs post course, significant effect [F (1,148) = 54.39, p < .001]; Between subjects = pre-grant vs grant implementation, no significant effect [F (1, 148) = 2.067, p > .10]; Interaction significant [F (1, 148) = 3.910, p = .05]