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Table 9 Summary of changes in ACORNS and GAENE scores for students of each teacher who taught the Adaptation to Altitude, Evolution of Human Skin Color, and Malaria mini-units

From: Using human case studies to teach evolution in high school A.P. biology classrooms

Curriculum mini-unit

Teacher #

ACORNS pre

ACORNS post

ACORNS gain

ACORNS effect size

GAENE pre

GAENE post

GAENE gain

GAENE effect size

Altitude

4

4.529

4.941

0.411

0.26

68.95

73.81

4.87

0.78

Altitude

6

3.205

3.897

0.692

0.42

67.45

70.32

2.87

0.26

Altitude

10

3.611

4.944

1.333

0.81

67.79

67.43

1.64

0.15

Altitude

11

2.596

4.289

1.693

0.96

65.60

67.31

1.71

0.17

Altitude

14

1.786

4.250

2.464

1.32

67.82

69.55

1.73

0.14

Malaria

3

2.000

2.708

0.708

0.54

58.27

62.73

4.45

0.30

Malaria

12

3.326

4.279

0.953

0.50

65.36

67.72

2.36

0.32

Skin color

7

4.044

3.783

− 0.261

− 0.16

63.59

65.91

2.32

0.25

Skin color

9

3.200

3.467

0.267

0.15

66.82

65.73

− 1.09

− 0.10

Skin color

13

5.273

5.727

0.455

0.50

  1. ACORNS Pre is the average ACORNS pretest score for that teacher—scores ranged from 0 (worst) to 6 (best). ACORNS Post is the average ACORNS posttest score for that teacher. ACORNS Gain is the average gain in ACORNS score from pretest to posttest for that teacher (i.e., ACORNS Post–ACORNS Pre). Numbers in italics indicate a statistically significant increase. ACORNS Effect Size is a standardized expression of the effect of the curriculum mini-unit for a particular teacher. Positive means an increase, negative means a decrease. Higher effect sizes are better. For these data, an effect size of 0.30 or higher suggests that the curriculum mini-units affected gains in ACORNS score over and above the effects of the teacher. GAENE Pre is the average GAENE pretest score for that teacher—scores ranged from 0 (least accepting of evolution) to 80 (most accepting of evolution). GAENE Post is the average GAENE posttest score for that teacher. GAENE Gain is the average gain in GAENE score from pretest to posttest for that teacher (i.e., GAENE Post–GAENE Pre). Numbers in italics indicate a statistically significant increase. GAENE Effect Size is a standardized expression of the effect of the mini-unit for a particular teacher. Positive means an increase, negative means a decrease. Higher effect sizes are better. For these data, an effect size of 0.30 or higher suggests that the curriculum mini-units affected gains in GAENE score over and above the effects of the teacher (Teacher 13 did not administer the GAENE, hence the absence of data in those cells in the table)