I: Structure | |||||||||||
a) All organisms connected | b) All at ends of branches | c) Single common ancestor | |||||||||
Pre | Post | P | Pre | Post | P | Pre | Post | P | |||
No Lab | 0.71 | 0.87 | <0.001 | No Lab | 0.30 | 0.78 | <0.001 | No Lab | 0.35 | 0.58 | 0.001 |
Lab | 0.69 | 0.91 | 0.001 | Lab | 0.31 | 0.82 | <0.001 | Lab | 0.20 | 0.55 | <0.001 |
P | - | 0.46 | P | - | 0.85 | P | - | 0.22 | |||
d) Branching form | e) Level of hierarchy | f) Total structure score | |||||||||
Pre | Post | P | Pre | Post | P | Pre | Post | P | |||
No Lab | 0.68 | 0.95 | <0.001 | No Lab | 1.50 | 1.66 | 0.082 | No Lab | 3.6 | 4.8 | <0.001 |
Lab | 0.70 | 0.95 | <0.001 | Lab | 1.51 | 1.65 | 0.13 | Lab | 3.4 | 4.9 | <0.001 |
P | - | 0.87 | P | - | 0.26 | P | - | 0.51 | |||
II: Classification mistakes | |||||||||||
g) Total mistakes | h) Vertebrate sub-groups | i) Invertebrate sub-groups | |||||||||
Pre | Post | P | Pre | Post | P | Pre | Post | P | |||
No Lab | 6.5 | 6.5 | 0.77 | No Lab | 3.7 | 3.5 | 0.33 | No Lab | 2.8 | 3.0 | 0.44 |
Lab | 6.4 | 5.5 | 0.10 | Lab | 3.5 | 2.8 | 0.05 | Lab | 2.9 | 2.7 | 0.56 |
P | - | 0.25 | P | - | 0.54 | P | - | 0.42 | |||
III: Specific misconceptions | |||||||||||
j) Whale-shark-fish | k) Bat-bird | l) Bat-butterfly | |||||||||
Pre | Post | P | Pre | Post | P | Pre | Post | P | |||
No Lab | 0.60 | 0.49 | 0.12 | No Lab | 0.55 | 0.45 | 0.23 | No Lab | 0.34 | 0.12 | <0.001 |
Lab | 0.64 | 0.40 | <0.001 | Lab | 0.58 | 0.38 | 0.015 | Lab | 0.27 | 0.13 | 0.037 |
P | - | 0.36 | P | - | 0.47 | P | - | 0.70 | |||
m) Butterfly-bird | |||||||||||
Pre | Post | P | |||||||||
No Lab | 0.30 | 0.15 | 0.012 | ||||||||
Lab | 0.31 | 0.13 | 0.006 | ||||||||
P | - | 0.86 | |||||||||
IV: Rationale for organization | |||||||||||
n) Diet | o) Habitat | p) Taxonomy | |||||||||
Pre | Post | P | Pre | Post | P | Pre | Post | P | |||
No Lab | 0.05 | 0.06 | 1.00 | No Lab | 0.46 | 0.52 | 0.92 | No Lab | 0.54 | 0.68 | 0.089 |
Lab | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.44 | Lab | 0.59 | 0.47 | 0.22 | Lab | 0.58 | 0.74 | 0.042 |
P | - | 0.109 | P | - | 0.068 | P | - | 0.99 | |||
q) Morphology | |||||||||||
Pre | Post | P | |||||||||
No Lab | 0.79 | 0.65 | 0.089 | ||||||||
Lab | 0.85 | 0.62 | 0.007 | ||||||||
P | - | 0.88 |